if引导的主语从句的用法

从属连词通常起到连接主句和从句的作用,它们引导的各个从句担任着主句的不同成分。
从属连词主要分为两大类:引导名词性从句的从属连词和引导状语从句的从属连词。
▶ 引导名词性从句的从属连词
常见的引导名词性从句的从属连词有:that、if、whether、because、as if等。其中,that和whether可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。if一般主要用于引导宾语从句,而在引导主语从句时则常常使用形式主语it。because和as if则主要用于引导表语从句。
例句:
I don't believe that we should stay another week.(我不相信我们应该再待一周。)
Can you tell me whether he will come to my birthday party?(你能告诉我他是否会来参的生日聚会吗?)
The notice arrived at around two in the afternoon, informing us that the meeting would be postponed.(下午两点左右收到的通知告诉我们会议将推迟。)
From space, the earth appears blue due to the fact that approximately 71% of its surface is covered by water.(从太空看,地球呈现蓝色,这是因为其大约71%的表面被水覆盖。)
▶ 引导状语从句的从属连词
英语的状语从句共包括九大类,每一类都有其特定的引导词,部分引导词还具有多重引导功能。
1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词:常用的有when、while、as、after、before、until/ till、since、as soon as、once等。
例句:
When you came in, I was talking with a few boys.(你进来时,我正在和几个男孩聊天。)
They laughed as they walked down the river.(他们沿着河边走时,一直在笑。)
2. 引导地点状语从句的从属连词:常用的有where、wherever。
例句:
I live in a place where there are mountains.(我住在多山的地方。)
If you could go wherever you want to go, where would you go?(如果你可以去任何你想去的地方,你会去哪里?)
3. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词:常用的有because、since、as等。
例句:We have to go to bed now because we're leaving early tomorrow.(因为明天一早就要出发,所以我们现在得睡觉。)
4. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词:常用的有if、unless、as/so long as等。
例句:If you see him, give him this note.(如果你见到他,就把这个便条交给他。)
